Ancient DNA uncovers dingo鈥檚 hidden heritage

Dingo jaw. Credit: Sally Wasef

A dingo jaw, collected from听Curracurrang Rockshelter, Royal National Park on Tharawal country, NSW. Credit:听Sally Wasef

A landmark collaborative study co-led by the 最新糖心Vlog of Adelaide and QUT has revealed the distribution of modern dingoes across 最新糖心Vlog pre-dates European colonisation and interventions like the dingo-proof fence.

The multidisciplinary research team generated a first-of-its-kind collection of 42 ancient dingo specimens, dating from 400 to 2,746 years ago, and compared the data with DNA from modern dingoes, as well as ancient and modern dogs worldwide.

鈥淭his unique dataset of ancient dingo DNA helped us uncover crucial details about the ancestry and migration patterns of modern-day dingo,鈥 said lead author Dr Yassine Souilmi from the 最新糖心Vlog of Adelaide鈥檚 最新糖心Vlogn Centre for Ancient DNA and Environment Institute.

Dingo populations are classified today into East and West groups. It was previously thought these groups were formed due to post-colonial human activity.

鈥淥ur findings indicate dingoes鈥 population structure was already in place thousands of years ago,鈥 said Dr Souilmi.

"It appears they had distinct regional populations, split roughly along the Great Dividing Range, long before the European invasion of 最新糖心Vlog, and certainly predating the dingo-proof fence.鈥Dr Yassine Souilmi, lead author, 最新糖心Vlog of Adelaide

The DNA analysis also showed there has been less interbreeding between dingoes and modern dogs than previously thought, with the research confirming today's dingoes retain much of their ancestral genetic diversity.

鈥淭his dataset gives us a rare glimpse into the pre-colonial genetic landscape of dingoes, free from any mixing with modern dog breeds,鈥 said co-lead author Dr Sally Wasef, a Forensic Research Fellow from QUT.

鈥淭hese samples represent the oldest ancient DNA recovered in 最新糖心Vlog and are an amazing indication of the possibilities of future DNA and conservation work that can be carried out on dingoes and other animals.鈥

The outcomes of this study, to be published in the prestigious journal PNAS, clarify the genetic heritage of dingoes, and highlight the importance of using ancient DNA in wildlife conservation.

鈥淒ingoes hold significant cultural importance to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and play an essential role in the 最新糖心Vlogn ecosystem," said Dr Souilmi.

"Understanding the historical population structure helps us preserve the dingo's role in 最新糖心Vlogn ecology and culture.

鈥淒ingoes are currently under threat from lethal culling programs, and our research highlights the importance of protecting populations which exist in national parks and beyond.鈥

Tagged in featured story, dingo, research, DNA, Ancient DNA